Pages

Tuesday, January 23, 2007

Oracle 10g RAC installation using Unbreakable Linux

Today I would like to write an article to let you create a Oracle 10g RAC environment formed by two nodes.
Obviously because we usually don't have identical and expensive machine at our disposal, we will create those machine using again the vmWare product.

We should have, in our final configuration, two virtual machine, named rac1 and rac2 and based on Oracle Unbreakable Linux operating system.

About my virtual disks I should have at the very last this configuration:
  • F:\UnbreakableRAC1\Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.vmdk as virtual disk on rac1;
  • F:\UnbreakableRAC2\Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.vmdk as virtual disk on rac2;
  • F:\OCFS2disk\ocfs2.vmdk as shared OCFS2 disk;
  • F:\ASMdisk\asm1.vmdk as shared ASM disk group 1;
  • F:\ASMdisk\asm2.vmdk as shared ASM disk group 2;
  • F:\ASMdisk\asm3.vmdk as shared ASM Flash Recovery Area (FRA);
For the RAC environment, I will use:
  • rac1 and rac2 as hostname;
  • +ASM1 and +ASM2 respectively, as ASM instance name;
  • racdb1 and racdb2 respectively, as RAC instance name;
  • racdb as database name;
So... let's start.

First of all, go to this website http://edelivery.oracle.com/linux, insert your contact details and download your Enterprise Linux Media Pack (I have downloaded that one for x86 32 bit platform).
Download just Enterprise Linux 4 discs 1-4 because you do not need to download discs 5-8 to install Enterprise Linux; these CDs only contain the source code and we don't need it.

As we have done on previous post "Installing CentOS" http://dbaworkshop.blogspot.com/2006/12/installing-centos.html, activate the vmWare GSX server (3.2.0) and create a new virtual machine, the first node of the RAC environments.

In order, these will be out settings:
step 1 - Choose CUSTOM for virtual machine configuration;
step 2 - Chose LINUX for guest operating system and RED HAT ENTERPRISE LINUX 4 for version;
step 3 - Type rac1 for virtual machine name and select your destination folder (I will use F:\UnbreakableRAC1)
step 4 - Select MAKE THIS VIRTUAL MACHINE PRIVATE for Set Access Right and click Next.
step 5 - Select USER THAT POWERS ON THE VIRTUAL MACHINE for Startup/Shutdown Options;
step 6 - Presently I select only 300MB for memory because I have only 1.5GB on my machine. If it won't work then I will try to add more MB;
step 7 - Choose USE BRIDGED NETWORKING for network connection;
step 8 - Choose LSI LOGIC for I/O adapter types;
step 9 - Choose CREATE A NEW VIRTUAL DISK for disk;
step 10 - Choose SCSI (RECOMMENDED) for virtual disk type;
step 11 - Type 7GB for disk capacity and select ALLOCATE ALL DISK SPACE NOW;
step 12 - Type "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.vmdk" for disk file and then select FINISH;

Now we have to create 4 virtual SCSI disks: one will be the raw disks for OCFS2 (Oracle Cluster File System) and three for Oracle ASM (Automatic Storage Management is a feature in Oracle Database 10g that provides the database administrator with a simple storage management interface that is consistent across all server and storage platforms.)

Oracle Cluster File System disk steps:
step 12 - From VMware Server Console of rac1 click on Edit Virtual machine settings;
step 13 - Clicking on Add, the "Add Hardware Wizard" will start. Click Next;
step 14 - Choose Hard Disk from the wizard window;
step 15 - Choose CREATE A NEW VIRTUAL DISK for disk;
step 16 - Choose SCSI (RECOMMENDED) for virtual disk type;
step 17 - Type 0.5GB for disk capacity and select ALLOCATE ALL DISK SPACE NOW;
step 18 - I typed "F:\OCFS2disk\ocfs2.vmdk" for disk file and then select ADVANCED;
step 19 - Choose SCSI 1:0 for virtual device node, check INDEPENDENT and PERSISTENT, and at last click on Finish;

Automatic Storage Management disk steps:
step 20 - Clicking on Add, the "Add Hardware Wizard" will start. Click Next;
step 21 - Choose Hard Disk from the wizard window;
step 22 - Choose CREATE A NEW VIRTUAL DISK for disk;
step 23 - Choose SCSI (RECOMMENDED) for virtual disk type;
step 24 - Type 2.0GB for disk capacity and select ALLOCATE ALL DISK SPACE NOW;
step 25 - I typed "F:\ASMdisk\asm1.vmdk" for disk file and then select ADVANCED;
step 26 - Choose SCSI 1:1 for virtual device node, check INDEPENDENT and PERSISTENT, and at last click on Finish;
Again:
step 27 - Clicking on Add, the "Add Hardware Wizard" will start. Click Next;
step 28 - Choose Hard Disk from the wizard window;
step 29 - Choose CREATE A NEW VIRTUAL DISK for disk;
step 30 - Choose SCSI (RECOMMENDED) for virtual disk type;
step 31 - Type 2.0GB for disk capacity and select ALLOCATE ALL DISK SPACE NOW;
step 32 - I typed "F:\ASMdisk\asm2.vmdk" for disk file and then select ADVANCED;
step 33 - Choose SCSI 1:2 for virtual device node, check INDEPENDENT and PERSISTENT, and at last click on Finish;
Again:
step 34 - Clicking on Add, the "Add Hardware Wizard" will start. Click Next;
step 35 - Choose Hard Disk from the wizard window;
step 36 - Choose CREATE A NEW VIRTUAL DISK for disk;
step 37 - Choose SCSI (RECOMMENDED) for virtual disk type;
step 38 - Type 2.0GB for disk capacity and select ALLOCATE ALL DISK SPACE NOW;
step 39 - I typed "F:\ASMdisk\asm3.vmdk" for disk file and then select ADVANCED;
step 40 - Choose SCSI 1:3 for virtual device node, check INDEPENDENT and PERSISTENT, and at last click on Finish;
step 41 - Click OK

Now we can add a virtual network card for the Virtual IP addresses:
step 42 - From VMware Server Console of rac1 click on Edit Virtual machine settings;
step 43 - Clicking on Add, the "Add Hardware Wizard" will start. Click Next;
step 44 - Choose Ethernet Adapter from the wizard window;
step 45 - Choose HOST-ONLY: A PRIVATE NETWORK SHARED WITH THE HOST and let checked CONNECT AT POWER ON for Device Status. Click Finish;
step 46 - Click OK;

We have to edit a configuration file (located in my pc on F:\UnbreakableRAC1 directory and named "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.vmx") for our virtual machine rac1 so we'll be able to share the four disks with the other future node, rac2. Add the lines indented and written using italic font.

config.version = "7"
virtualHW.version = "3"
scsi0.present = "TRUE"
scsi0.virtualDev = "lsilogic"
memsize = "300"
scsi0:0.present = "TRUE"
scsi0:0.fileName = "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.vmdk"
scsi0:0.deviceType = "plainDisk"
ide1:0.present = "TRUE"
ide1:0.fileName = "C:\marco\Applicativi Vari\Unbreakable Oracle Linux\Enterprise-R4-U4-i386-disc3.iso"
ide1:0.deviceType = "cdrom-image"
floppy0.fileName = "A:"
Ethernet0.present = "TRUE"
usb.present = "FALSE"
displayName = "rac1"
guestOS = "rhel4"
priority.grabbed = "normal"
priority.ungrabbed = "normal"
powerType.powerOff = "default"
powerType.powerOn = "default"
powerType.suspend = "default"
powerType.reset = "default"
disk.locking = "FALSE"
diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"
scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"
scsi1.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:0.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:0.fileName = "F:\OCFS2disk\ocfs2.vmdk"
scsi1:0.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:0.deviceType = "plainDisk"
scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:1.fileName = "F:\ASMdisk\asm1.vmdk"
scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:1.deviceType = "plainDisk"
scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:2.fileName = "F:\ASMdisk\asm2.vmdk"
scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:2.deviceType = "plainDisk"
scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:3.fileName = "F:\ASMdisk\asm3.vmdk"
scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:3.deviceType = "plainDisk"
scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"
Ethernet1.present = "TRUE"
Ethernet1.connectionType = "hostonly"

The following figure show my virtual machine for the first node.


Next time we will start our first node and install Oracle Unbreakable Linux...






tag
enterprise-r4-u4-i386-disc1.iso
10g rac vmware
oracle centos vmware
rac setup on linux
how install enterprise-r4-u4-i386-disc1.iso
rac ocfs2
plaindisk
oracle 10g installation
oracle 10g rac + asm installation
how to start browser on centos
oracle 10g rac windows install steps
how to configure swap space on centos
how to add an asm diskgroup for fra of a database
oracle rdbms 10g installation
install centos on windows machine
centos oracle install vmware
check disk space linux asm
install 10g database on centos
+"oracle 10g rac" +vmware
install oracle on centos 4.3
oracle 10 g rac hard disk partition in solaris
install oracle 10g on centos
10g dba - admin workshop
rac 10g solaris vmware
config selinux centos
centos 4.3 oracle 8i
centos ocfs
vmware install centos
oracle rac on solaris or linux
rac solaris step
add node rac 10g
database folder will be raw or filesystem in oracle 10g
oracle 10g database filename
minimum requirements to install centos
install oracle 10g centos
make custom linux centos
solaris filesystem configure oracle 10g
install oracle 10g on linux configured with dhcp
installer centos vmware
how install oracle 10g on vmware linux rhel4
installation oracle 10g solaris rac
oracle database 10g centos
vmware centos 4.3 window
ocfs2 redhat 4
centos on xp
i have 2 media to install oracle 10g rac
oracle workshop 1
installation of asm on rac
step by step installation of 10g rac on sun solaris
linux check disk capacity
enterprise-r4-u4 oracle 10g
oracle on linu
oracle 10g rac vmware
centos setup
how to check hard disk space on a linux centos
oracle asm duties
step by step oracle 10g rac linux
how to allocate disk space to a user in oracle
oracle 10g rac configuration on solaris
oracle asm requirement
hardware requirements for installation of 10g rac
oracle 10g rac installation on windows using vmware
vmware clusters oracle database memory
+"virtual machine" +solaris +oracle +rac
oracle 10g rac installation guide solaris
centos oracle requirement
step by step installation of 10g rac on windows 2000
oracle 10g lsi logic file system
oracle 10g vmware
oracle asm recommended
installing 10g rac on solaris
swap linux centos
oracle 10g rac vmware xp
installing cluster centos
oracle 10g rac installation
path of limits.conf file in solaris for ulimit
virtual device mode independent vmware
centos create database
oracle 10g create new database linux
oracle asm
add gcc centos terminal
change hostname oracle10g rac
10g cluster installation
xp linux oracle 10g vmware
vmware server +ocfs2 +vmdk
rac install simplest vmware
config asm disk on redhat
centos prompt
"enterprise linux media pack "
creating database using dbca in windows xp?
oracle 10g network settings
xclock + red hat enterprise
oracle rac vmware installation other node shutdown
red hat enterprise linux 4.vmx
install vm in centos
10g rac+linux
"ulimit -n" 10g
install 10g rac virtual machine
centos vmdk
database & usr & passwd centos
oracle database 10 -administration workshop
ocfs-2-2.6.9-42.0.0.0.1el
ubuntu oracle installation
ulimit 10g solaris
oracle rac 10g ocfs linux
oracle 10g rac installation guide
vmware cluster oracle windows step
oracle red hat unbreak
oracle 10 rac on windows xp using vmware server
oracle recommended installation hard disks
oracle 10g /etc/security/limits
login on oracle 10g
windows and centos on same machine
oracle 10g $oracle_term
oracle 10g workshop
oracle 10g rac setup
centos linux
instalasi linux centos
vmware xscreensaver install redhat enterprise linux
oracle 10g installation hardware requirements 256m
'step by step asm and rac installation'
oracle database 10g classpath install windows xp
installing oracle 10g redhat 4
iso write to partition
centos license
installation configurations for rac on linux
vmware linux mount point
details linux server configuration for oracle 10g installation
oracle 10g en centos
linux install development tools centos
solaris 10 oracle rac scsi
oracle ocfs2 persistant
reread pam.d login
install rac on vmware solaris
10g "system requirement" oracle
oracle 10g rac disk requirement
installing oracle 10g from iso file on linux
vmware server datacachemaxsize
how to mount the oracle database 10g in windows
10g admin workshop + soft copy
installing oracle 10g with dhcp
centos cdrom mount point vmware tools
centos linux requirement
export path for root user
xscreensaver vmware redhat enterprise linux
how to run centos linux on windows using vmware
clusters centos
linux check usb present
red hat enterprise ocfs2
10g rac database
database & usr & password centos ssh
database & usr & password centos

Tuesday, January 16, 2007

Installing Oracle Database 10g: System Requirement

Click here for the previous step.

Let's continue setting up the system requirement for our Oracle Database 10g installation.
First of all we have to edt the /etc/sysctl.conf file, so type
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
and then add the following lines:
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144


Now we have to permanently change the current kernel parameters so we have to issue the following command:
/sbin/sysctl -p


Add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file:
* soft nproc 2047
* hard nproc 16384
* soft nofile 1024
* hard nofile 65536


Add the following line to the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist:
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so


We have to disable secure linux by editing the /etc/selinux/config file and set;
SELINUX=disabled


Some packages are required for Oracle Database 10g setup. Issue the following commands to see which versions of these packages are installed on our system:
rpm -q binutils compat-db control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common gnome-libs libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat xscreensaver libaio
As you can see we miss libaio and sysstat packages.


Mount CentOS-4.3-i386-bin3of4.iso into vmWare's CDROM device and then type:
cd /media/cdrom/CentOS/RPMS
rpm -Uvh libaio-0*
rpm -Uvh sysstat-5*


Issue the following commands as root user to create the Linux groups and user account that will be used to install and maintain the Oracle Database 10g software. The user account will be called oracle, and the groups will be oinstall and dba.
/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
/usr/sbin/useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
Then set the password for the oracle account:
passwd oracle



Issue the following commands to create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed:
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle


Add at the end of the /etc/profile file the following command:
if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi


Add at the end of the /etc/csh.login file the following command:
if ( \$USER == "oracle" ) then
limit maxproc 16384
limit descriptors 65536
umask 022
endif


We have to move the Database zip file on root's Desktop to the oracle user's home directory.
Just issue the following commands:
cd
cd Desktop
mv database/ /home/oracle/
cd /home/oracle/
chown -R oracle.oinstall database/


As root user edit the /etc/hosts file; it must contain a fully qualified name for our server, for example:
10.5.140.108 test01 test01 localhost


As root user, issue the following command:
xhost +
Then login as oracle user and set your DISPLAY variable:
DISPLAY=test01:0.0; export DISPLAY


















Type vi .bash_profile after logged in as oracle user and add the following lines at the end of the file:
# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=ORCL; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
#LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1; export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi


















On your terminal window, type xclock to verify you are able to redirect X output on your display.


















Next time we will continue with the Oracle RunInstaller...

Click here to see how to execute Oracle runInstaller. It's a step taken from the Oracle Unbreakable Enterprise Linux and Oracle Database 10g R2 installations. Thanks Eric :)

Monday, January 15, 2007

Starting CentOS

Click here for the previous step

Ok. Here we are again...

After you have started your machine from the vmWare console, you will have to complete some steps to finish the CentOs setup. Your first screen will be the Welcome screen. at this step just select Nect button and go on.



Agree to the CentOs License Agreement.


Set your date and time for your machine. It was 10th January 2007, 16:14:13 when I got this screenshot.



Select the resolution and color depth for your display.



Create a user for normal activities on your machine.


If you have a sound card on your machine now you can test it selecting Play test sound button. If the Setup have detected the right sound card you can hear a sound from your stereo speakers.


On the next screen we don't have additional third-party plug-ins to install, so just select Nect button and go on.



On the next screen click Next and your CentOs Setup will be completed.


At the login prompt type root as username and your root password as password.



Start your Internet Browser. Click on the Applications menu, select Internet and then Firefox Web Browser.


Type on your browser the link you see in the following picture or go to Oracle website and search for Oracle Database 10g.
Click on the relase you would like to download, depending on your machine configuration. In our case we will download the Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2.0.1.0) for Linux x86.


Agree with Oracle conditions clicking on I Accept button.


If asked to insert your Oracle credentials, write now your username and password used to register to Oracle website, so you will be able to start downloading the Oracle software.





From the download window, select Save to disc and click OK.


Just right click on the zip file and select Extract Here from the menu's item.



The next time we will continue to install and setup the Oracle user, environment and, finally, the database.

Click here for the next step