Tuesday, March 4, 2014

How to identify which pdbs a backup set belong to

I want to see what useful information are returned by few RMAN commands such as report schema or list backup when using the default RMAN configuration and getting some backups.

When connected to the ROOT container issuing the RMAN report schema command is quite simple identify how many pluggable databases are plugged into the container database and, above all, the relationship with their datafiles and locations.

In my case the container database, named CDB001, contains three pluggable databases named PDB001, PDB002 and PDB003: it is also possible to easily identify the seed container used as template when you want to create new PDBs.
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Feb 20 16:37:50 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CDB001 (DBID=4134986109)

RMAN> report schema;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name CDB001

List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace           RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1    780      SYSTEM               ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/system01.dbf
2    260      PDB$SEED:SYSTEM      ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/pdbseed/system01.dbf
3    800      SYSAUX               ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/sysaux01.dbf
4    625      PDB$SEED:SYSAUX      ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
5    310      UNDOTBS1             ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/undotbs01.dbf
6    5        USERS                ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/users01.dbf
7    260      PDB001:SYSTEM        ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/system01.dbf
8    635      PDB001:SYSAUX        ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/sysaux01.dbf
9    5        PDB001:USERS         ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/PDB001_users01.dbf
10   260      PDB002:SYSTEM        ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB002/system01.dbf
11   635      PDB002:SYSAUX        ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB002/sysaux01.dbf
12   5        PDB002:USERS         ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB002/PDB002_users01.dbf
19   260      PDB003:SYSTEM        ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB003/system01.dbf
20   635      PDB003:SYSAUX        ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB003/sysaux01.dbf
21   5        PDB003:USERS         ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB003/PDB001_users01.dbf

List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace           Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1    73       TEMP                 32767       /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/temp01.dbf
2    61       PDB$SEED:TEMP        32767       /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/pdbseed/temp01.dbf
3    20       PDB001:TEMP          32767       /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/temp01.dbf
4    20       PDB002:TEMP          32767       /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB002/temp01.dbf
5    20       PDB003:TEMP          32767       /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB003/temp01.dbf

After you successfully connect to the container database with RMAN it is not sufficient to have a look at the third line to determine if you are using the container database or a pluggable one.
That line simply specifies you are connected to a target database and when connecting to a pluggable database it could be misleading.

Have a look at the following attempts to connect first to the root container and then directly to the PDB001 pluggable database.
Where and what are the differences if you exclude the time settings ?
[oracle@localhost admin]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Feb 17 17:18:05 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CDB001 (DBID=4134986109)
 
[oracle@localhost admin]$ rman target sys/oracle@PDB001

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Feb 17 17:19:24 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CDB001 (DBID=4134986109)

When connected to a pluggable database using the report schema command is possible to deduce the PDB name looking at its datafiles and locations: indeed in this case only the datafiles associated with the connected PDB are listed in the output of the report schema command.
RMAN> report schema;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name CDB001

List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace           RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
7    260      SYSTEM               ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/system01.dbf
8    635      SYSAUX               ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/sysaux01.dbf
9    5        USERS                ***     /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/PDB001_users01.dbf

List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace           Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
3    20       TEMP                 32767       /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/temp01.dbf
Quit the previous conection to the pluggable database and connect again to the ROOT container and have a look at the list backup command.
List backup command is not so useful when you still don't have any backups available.
RMAN> list backup;

specification does not match any backup in the repository

So let's get first a full database backup.
When you are connected to the ROOT container any commands you send using RMAN are related to the ROOT container; of course you can, while connected to the ROOT container, execute command on the pluggable database but you have to specify the pluggable database name and additional syntax.
RMAN> backup database;

Starting backup at 20-FEB-14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=81 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00003 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00001 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-FEB-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-FEB-14
piece handle=/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8d3v9_.bkp tag=TAG20140220T163840 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:03:16
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00008 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00009 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/PDB001_users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-FEB-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-FEB-14
piece handle=/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E1F26215682E1142E045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8l78o_.bkp tag=TAG20140220T163840 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:06
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00011 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB002/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00010 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB002/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00012 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB002/PDB002_users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-FEB-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-FEB-14
piece handle=/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E1F329ECE0F411E6E045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8n97w_.bkp tag=TAG20140220T163840 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:36
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00020 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB003/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00019 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB003/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00021 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB003/PDB001_users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-FEB-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-FEB-14
piece handle=/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E2B9BE56B8B936CEE045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8q9jq_.bkp tag=TAG20140220T163840 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/pdbseed/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-FEB-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-FEB-14
piece handle=/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E19363E52C005C9AE045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8so9h_.bkp tag=TAG20140220T163840 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished backup at 20-FEB-14

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 20-FEB-14
piece handle=/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/autobackup/2014_02_20/o1_mf_s_840041213_9jd8vj0m_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 20-FEB-14
With the list command you can display information about the available backups. Looking at that information you can be able to know that the o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8l78o_.bkp backup is related to a full backup of the pluggable database named PDB001, the o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8n97w_.bkp backup is related to PDB002 and o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8q9jq_.bkp to PDB003.
RMAN> list backup;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
38      Full    386.84M    DISK        00:03:08     20-FEB-14      
        BP Key: 38   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20140220T163840
        Piece Name: /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8d3v9_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 38
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  1       Full 3146659    20-FEB-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/system01.dbf
  3       Full 3146659    20-FEB-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/sysaux01.dbf
  5       Full 3146659    20-FEB-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/undotbs01.dbf
  6       Full 3146659    20-FEB-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
39      Full    210.43M    DISK        00:01:01     20-FEB-14      
        BP Key: 39   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20140220T163840
        Piece Name: /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E1F26215682E1142E045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8l78o_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 39
  Container ID: 3, PDB Name: PDB001
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  7       Full 3147302    20-FEB-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/system01.dbf
  8       Full 3147302    20-FEB-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/sysaux01.dbf
  9       Full 3147302    20-FEB-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/PDB001_users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
40      Full    210.28M    DISK        00:01:31     20-FEB-14      
        BP Key: 40   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20140220T163840
        Piece Name: /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E1F329ECE0F411E6E045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8n97w_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 40
  Container ID: 4, PDB Name: PDB002
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  10      Full 3120954    14-AUG-13 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB002/system01.dbf
  11      Full 3120954    14-AUG-13 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB002/sysaux01.dbf
  12      Full 3120954    14-AUG-13 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB002/PDB002_users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
41      Full    210.24M    DISK        00:01:14     20-FEB-14      
        BP Key: 41   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20140220T163840
        Piece Name: /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E2B9BE56B8B936CEE045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8q9jq_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 41
  Container ID: 5, PDB Name: PDB003
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  19      Full 3121273    14-AUG-13 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB003/system01.dbf
  20      Full 3121273    14-AUG-13 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB003/sysaux01.dbf
  21      Full 3121273    14-AUG-13 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB003/PDB001_users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
42      Full    207.56M    DISK        00:00:53     20-FEB-14      
        BP Key: 42   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20140220T163840
        Piece Name: /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E19363E52C005C9AE045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8so9h_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 42
  Container ID: 2, PDB Name: PDB$SEED
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  2       Full 1786693    16-JUL-13 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/pdbseed/system01.dbf
  4       Full 1786693    16-JUL-13 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
43      Full    17.20M     DISK        00:00:03     20-FEB-14      
        BP Key: 43   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20140220T164653
        Piece Name: /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/autobackup/2014_02_20/o1_mf_s_840041213_9jd8vj0m_.bkp
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20-FEB-14
  SPFILE db_unique_name: CDB001
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 3148638      Ckp time: 20-FEB-14

Looking only at the name of the backup set how you can deduce which PDB that backup belongs to ?
If your database is still available you can query the V$BACKUP_FILES view and match the container id with the V$CONTAINERS view for example.
SQL> select pkey, name, guid, fname from v$containers a, v$backup_files b where a.con_id = b.con_id and file_type = 'PIECE' order by pkey;

      PKEY NAME     GUID        FNAME
---------- -------- -------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 38 CDB$ROOT E19363E52C015C9AE045000000000001 /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8d3v9_.bkp
 39 PDB001   E1F26215682E1142E045000000000001 /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E1F26215682E1142E045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8l78o_.bkp
 40 PDB002   E1F329ECE0F411E6E045000000000001 /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E1F329ECE0F411E6E045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8n97w_.bkp
 41 PDB003   E2B9BE56B8B936CEE045000000000001 /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E2B9BE56B8B936CEE045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8q9jq_.bkp
 42 PDB$SEED E19363E52C005C9AE045000000000001 /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E19363E52C005C9AE045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8so9h_.bkp
 43 CDB$ROOT E19363E52C015C9AE045000000000001 /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/autobackup/2014_02_20/o1_mf_s_840041213_9jd8vj0m_.bkp

6 rows selected.

But how can you identify which pluggable database the backup belongs to looking only at the location of the backup set ?
From the file location you can only use the Globally Unique ID (associated with every pluggable databases by the Oracle software) and deduce the name of the pluggable database: if you don't have access to the database it is quite difficult to remember that association.
For this reason when dealing with container and pluggable databases it is heartily recommended to tag your backups using specific names and easily refer to them when required.
RMAN> backup pluggable database PDB001 tag 'PDB001_FULL_20140303';

Starting backup at 03-MAR-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=38 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00008 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00009 name=/app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/PDB001_users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 03-MAR-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 03-MAR-14
piece handle=/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E1F26215682E1142E045000000000001/backupset/2014_03_03/o1_mf_nnndf_PDB001_FULL_20140303_9k94y5t2_.bkp tag=PDB001_FULL_20140303 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:06
Finished backup at 03-MAR-14

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 03-MAR-14
piece handle=/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/autobackup/2014_03_03/o1_mf_s_841246744_9k950bv6_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 03-MAR-14
RMAN> list backup of pluggable database PDB001;


List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
39      Full    210.43M    DISK        00:01:01     20-FEB-14      
        BP Key: 39   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20140220T163840
        Piece Name: /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E1F26215682E1142E045000000000001/backupset/2014_02_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140220T163840_9jd8l78o_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 39
  Container ID: 3, PDB Name: PDB001
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  7       Full 3147302    20-FEB-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/system01.dbf
  8       Full 3147302    20-FEB-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/sysaux01.dbf
  9       Full 3147302    20-FEB-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/PDB001_users01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
44      Full    210.45M    DISK        00:01:02     03-MAR-14      
        BP Key: 44   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: PDB001_FULL_20140303
        Piece Name: /app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB001/E1F26215682E1142E045000000000001/backupset/2014_03_03/o1_mf_nnndf_PDB001_FULL_20140303_9k94y5t2_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 44
  Container ID: 3, PDB Name: PDB001
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  7       Full 3170400    03-MAR-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/system01.dbf
  8       Full 3170400    03-MAR-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/sysaux01.dbf
  9       Full 3170400    03-MAR-14 /app/oracle/oradata/CDB001/PDB001/PDB001_users01.dbf

Looking at the location name you can now be able to determine that the o1_mf_nnndf_PDB001_FULL_20140303_9k94y5t2_.bkp backup set is related to PDB001 pluggable database.

That's all.

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